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What is an Evaporative Cooler?
An evaporative cooler (also swamp cooler,
desert cooler, and wet air cooler) is a device
that cools air through the evaporation of water.
Evaporative cooling differs
from typical air conditioning systems which use vapor-compression or absorption
refrigeration cycles.
Evaporative cooling works by employing water's large
enthalpy of vaporization. The temperature of dry air can be dropped
significantly through the phase transition of liquid water to water vapor, which
requires much less energy than refrigeration. In extremely dry climates, it also
has the added benefit of conditioning the air with more moisture for the comfort
of occupants. Unlike refrigeration, it requires a water source, and must
continually consume water to operate.
In the United States, the use of the term swamp cooler may
be due to the odor of algae produced by early units.Air washers and wet cooling
towers use the same principles as evaporative coolers but are optimized for
purposes other than cooling the air inside a building. For example, an
evaporative cooler may be designed to cool coils of a large air conditioning
system to increase its efficiency.
Mini air cooler
Evaporative cooling is especially well suited for climates
where the air is hot and humidity is low. In the United States, the
western/mountain states are good locations, with evaporative coolers prevalent
in cities like Denver, Salt Lake City, Albuquerque, El Paso, Tucson, and Fresno
where sufficient water is available. Evaporative air conditioning is also
popular and well-suited to the southern (temperate) part of Australia. In dry,
arid climates, the installation and operating cost of an evaporative cooler can
be much lower than that of refrigerative air conditioning, often by 80% or so.
However, evaporative cooling and vapor-compression air conditioning are
sometimes used in combination to yield optimal cooling results. Some evaporative
coolers may also serve as humidifiers in the heating season.
In locations with moderate humidity there are many cost-effective uses for
evaporative cooling,
in addition to their widespread use in dry
climates. For example, industrial plants, commercial kitchens, laundries, dry
cleaners, greenhouses, spot cooling (loading docks, warehouses, factories,
construction sites, athletic events, workshops, garages, and kennels) and
confinement farming (poultry ranches, hog, and dairy) often employ evaporative
cooling. In highly humid climates, evaporative cooling may have little thermal
comfort benefit beyond the increased ventilation and air movement it
provides.
Source von Wikipedia
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An evaporative cooler is basically a large fan with
water-moistened pads in front of it.
The fan sucks the warm air from outside
through the moistened pads and blows the resulting cooled air through your
office or home.Water is supplies to the pads through small “supply” lines. This water then
soaks the pads and drizzles through them to collect at the bottom of the cooler.
A small water pump then circulates the water back to the top and the process
continues
As water is being continually lost through evaporation, it is essential that
you have a good float valve (similar to the one used in toilets) that adds water
to the evaporative cooler when levels start to get low.
A large fan then extracts air through the pads and evaporation cools the
temperature of the air, which is then blown through your home cooling it.
TIP – To get you evaporative cooler to work
effectively, the cooled air must be allowed to leave you home. So by
strategically choosing which windows you leave open, you can direct the flow of
cool air through your home or other building.
Is An Evaporative Cooler Affordable and
Energy-Efficient?
These days, a lot of people are interested in evaporative cooling. This is
because an evaporative cooleris the most affordable and
most energy-efficient cooling systems in the market today.
But what makes
evaporative coolers so affordable and energy efficient? In order to find out,
you would have to learn about how they work.
The mechanics of evaporative coolers are simple. Basically, they use to main
components in the cooling process: One is water; and the second is ventilation.
The first component is water.
Water is the main and most important part of this
system. Water is what makes the system cool. In an evaporative
cooler, water is chilled to about 5 degrees Celsius to 8 degrees
Celsius. As the name suggests, the water is evaporated and turned into fine
vapours. These, in turn, wait for distribution. Here is where the ventilation
comes in. This usually takes the form of a blower or a fan. Basically, it’s
job is to distribute the vapours/cool air. It doesn’t necessarily have to come
into direct contact with the water, but it can too.
Wall-mounting air cooler
Evaporative Cooler Affordability
The reason why evaporative systems are so affordable is because they are not
complicated mechanically and engineering-wise. As you read above, the process
and functions of an evaporative cooler is very simple, unlike traditional air
conditioning units. The reason why they are so energy efficient is because the
work process is so simple. Consumption is not measure in horsepower so that in
itself explains everything.
Aside from the above advantages, evaporative cooler systems also have other
more passive benefits.
These types of systems are actually endorsed by Go Green
campaigners. This is because they are environment-friendly. This is because
they do not use refrigerants like CFCs and HCFCs for the cooling process.
Evaporative systems are the best─ affordable, energy-saving and earth
friendly.
